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No; 580,354. Patented Apr. 6, 1897.

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AUTOMATIC TURNING LATHE. No. 580,354. Patented Apr. 6, 1897.

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AUTOMATIC TURNING LATHE.

No. 580,354. Patented Apr. 6, 1897.

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NITE STATES FREDERIC E. WELLS AND FRANK O. WELLS, OF GREENFIELD,MASSACHU- SETTS, ASSIGNORS TO WVELLS BROTHERS & 00., OF SAME PLACE.

AUTOMATIC TURNING-LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 580,354, dated April 6,1897.

Application filed August 14, 1896. Serial No. 602,754. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, FREDERIO E. WELLs and FRANK O. WELLS, citizens ofthe United States of America, residing at Greenfield, in the county ofFranklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Automatic Turning-Lathes, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to automatic lathes for turning and shapingobjects of metal or other substances, the object being to provideimproved devices in this class of machines 'for facilitating andimproving the quality of work produced thereby; and the inventionconsists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of the variousparts of the lathe, all as hereinafter fully described, and moreparticularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sideand Fig. 2 a front end elevation of an automatic turning-lathe embodyingour improvements. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the mainspindle of the machine, the chuck and chuck-operating tube, and of othermechanisms attached and contiguous to said spindle, all as belowdescribed. Fig. 4.- is aperspective view of detail parts of the machineand is fully described below.

As heretofore constructed machine's of this class have contained ahollow spindle (here represented by T) which has been so supported inits bearings that it had no endwise movement, but the bar or rod heldand rotated thereby to be operated upon by a turning or cutting tool hada feed movement by hand or otherwise within said spindle. In the machineherein described, however, said spindle itself has an endwise feedmovement, and thus carries said rod, which is held by said chuck,forward to said turning-tool, and the means for imparting said endwiseor longitudinal movements thereto are constructed and arranged tooperate as follows:

In the drawings, A indicates the frame of the lathe, and B the headthereof, secured on one end of said frame. The hollow spindle T of thelathe, in which rods are held and rotated, is supported in suitablebearings on said frame A, as shown in Fig. 1, and has a rotary motionimparted thereto by means of a belt applied to a pulley 13 thereon. Inwhat may be termed the forward end of said spindle is screwed a taperingbushing 3 for engagement with the tapered end of an ordinary tubularsplit chuck 4, which grasps and holds a rod While the latter is beingoperated upon, as below set forth. A chuck-operatin g tube Z, having oneend engaging the rear end of said chuck 4c, is adapted to have more orless of a sliding movement in said spindle T, whereby when a rod whichis to be turned and operated upon is placed in said spindle passingthrough said tube Z, and through said chuck the latter is driven intosaid bushing 3, and the jaws of said chuck are made to clamp said rod,thereby compelling the latter to rotate with said spindle. When theforce which drives said tube Z against said chuck ceases to act, thetendency of the spring-jaws of said chuck to open causes the latter torecede slightly from said bushing 3 and the said jaws to be separated,and thus free the rod heretofore held thereby, and such recedingmovement of the chuck causes a slight similar movement of the said tubeZ. The said chucking and unchucking of the rod are performed by means ofmechanism usually employed on automatic screw-machines and is asfollows:

A camshaft 17, driven by a worm and gear, has secured thereon thecam-drums H and 10. By the revolution of the cam-drum 10 (see Fig. 1) inthe direction of the arrow shown. thereon the two oppositely-inclinedcams 30 and 31, operating against the cam-studs 22 and 23 of the sleeves7 and S, impart to said sleeves a sliding movement in oppositedirections on the arm 9, thereby causing a separation of the clutch-armsX X, pivotally secured in the collar W, fixed to the spindle, and thecone Y. Said sleeves 7 and S are connected by the forked arms 24 and 25with the grooved collar M, fixed on thespindle, and the similarlygroovedend of the cone Y. Between said collar M and said cone is located saidcollar W. A strap 15 is secured to the side of one of the sleeves, as 7,and the other sleeve has a stud 16 therein passing through a slot insaid strap for limiting the degree of separation of the said twosleeves. The rod 40 is suitably supported in line with the axis of thehollow sping in Which it may be revolved by the said spindle; butsufficient friction in any convenient way is applied to the rod toprevent its being moved by the said spindle as the latter is givenendwise movement in its bearings during the feeding operation, asdescribed. \Vith the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1 after saidunchucking has taken place the cam-stud 22 runs off of the cam 31, whilethe cam-stud 23 continues in engagement with the longer cam 30. Saidcontinued engagement of the camstud with cam 30 imparts to the spindle Tan endwise movement Within its bearings. At the end of such endwisemovement the adj ustable collar 20 on said spindle T is in contact withthe end of the bearing in the frame A, and simultaneously with therunning off of the cam-stud 23 from the cam 30 the cam 31 engages thecam-stud 22, forcing the cone Y between the clutch-arms X and chuckingthe rod, as above described, said collar 20 holding the spindle rigidagainst the action of the cam 31 Immediately following this operation asuitably-located cam 31 on said drum 10, engaging with the stud 22,moves the spindle T toward the head 13 of the machine, carrying with itthe rod to be operated upon. After that portion of the said rod whichpro jects through the head 13 of the machine has been operated upon andcut off the abovedescribed operations for unchucking, feeding, andrechucking are repeated.

The construction and operation of the mechanism on the head B of themachine, in conjunction with the operations of the spindle justdescribed, are as follows:

The swinging tool-holder D is supported between suitable arms of saidhead B on the centers 14 14, the said centers being parallel with thespindle T. An arm 53 of said toolholder projects transversely across themachine at right angles to the axis of the said spindle. (See Fig. 2.)Through the extremity of said arm 53 and adjustable therein is a stud J,the end thereof projecting through the lower side of said arm having abearing on a sliding pattern-block I. Said block has a movement impartedthereto in line with the axis of the spindle T by the engagement ofacam-stud 21, projecting downwardly therefrom, with suitably-located camson the drum H. The surface of said pattern-block against which the studJ bears is given such surface configuration as is necessary to producethe required movements of the cutting-tool M against the end or side ofthe bar or rod 40 which is being operated upon. The said cutting-tool Mis clamped in the swinging toolholder D in any suitable manner, the fineadj ustment thereof being regulated by the screw R bearing against theend of said tool, said screw adjustment being shown in Figs. 2 and 4:.As the said tool-holder D is oscillated on its centers 14 by themovement of the pattern-block I, as aforesaid, a spring 54 (shown inFigs. 1 and 4) tends to keep the stud J always in contact with saidpattern-block by its compression between the arm F, secured to astationary part of the head B, and a short arm cast on the side of thetransversely-located arm 53 ofthe tool-holder D.

The machine may be so adjusted that the tool M in the holder D may beginits operation on the end of the rod 40 as it begins to move forwardthrough the head B, carried by the hollow spindle, as before described,and as it is fed through said head any desired movement may be given tothe rocking toolholder D by the surface configuration of the slidingpattern-block I and by varying the speed with which said block moves.

It is obvious from the above that a great variety of shapes can beautomatically turned on this machine.

The pattern-blocks I are removably supported in the frame of themachine, and hence any change of configuration of the piece to be turnedis very rapidly made.

All changes to be made in the length of an article on this machine aremade by changing the pitch of the cams on said drum 10.

The cams on the drum H may be so arranged that the tool M in thetool-holder D may be brought to bear on the rod 40 while said rod is inmotion endwise through said head, as above described,and the said toolthen backed off until the rod has reached its limit of movemen t,whensaid 'tool M may again be brought to bear to make an annular cuttherein, if desired, or, if the nature of the work to be turned permitsthe use of a suitably-shaped tool the said final motion given to thetoolholder D may serve to cut ofi the turned object or article from theend of the rod. In the machine shown in the drawings, however, acutting-off device consisting of the lever C, hung on a stud K to thehead B and carrying thereon a suitable tool-support, as E, for thecutting-off tool L, is provided, and this is the preferred construction.The said cutting-off tool is operated by a cam G, secured to the face ofa plate a; in such position and of the required shape to swing the toolL at the proper time against the rod 40 and cut off the finished articleturned by the previous operations of the tool M on the end of said rod.

On the head B, in proper position vertically above said rod 40, as shownin Figs. 1 and 2, are located the work-rests N, of the usual form andconstruction for keeping the said rod 40 in line with the center of thespindle when lateral pressure is brought to bear upon it by thetransverse movement of either of the tools L or M, suitable projections,as 52, being cast on the side of the head for receiving said rests, andadj usting-screws O O and a binding-bolt P are provided for adj ustingand securing said rests in their proper positions.

Rests of like construction can be, if desired, located on the oppositeside of said head and at right angles to said rests N. One such rest isindicated by 52 in Fig. 1.

Aside from the many advantages possessed by this machine as an automaticturninglathe it possesses the further advantage of great simplicity ofconstruction and the working parts thereof are all easy of access.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In an automatic turning-lathe, a hollow spindle supported in suitablebearings in the frame of the machine, and movable longitudinallytherein, a chuckin one end of said spindle, a cam-shaft having cam-drumsthereon whereby said spindle is moved in its bearings and said chuckoperated atthe limit of movement of said spindle in either direction,combined with a tool-holder pivotally supported on the frame of themachine, a patternblock having a sliding movement in said frame in linewith said spindle, an arm on said tool-holder engaging saidpattern-block, cams on one of said cam-drums for moving saidpattern-block, and means for rotating said spindle and said cam'shaft,substantially as described.

2. In an automatic turning-lathe, a hollow spindle supported in suitablebearin gs in the frame of the machine, and movable longitudinallytherein, a chuck in one end of said spindle, a cam-shaft havingcam-drums thereon whereby said spindle is moved in itsbearings and saidchuck operated at the limit of movement of said spindle in eitherdirection, combined with a tool-holder pivoted on each side of thecenter line of said spindle, and swinging transversely thereto, a cam onsaid cam-shaft for engaging and operating one of said tool-holders, anda pattern-block having a sliding movement 011 the frame of the machineengaging and operating the other of said tool-holders, suitable cams onone of said cam-drums for moving said pattern-block,

FREDERIC E. WELLS. FRANK O. WELLS.

Witnesses:

PEARL HASKINS, JOHN D. BoUKER.

